实用Shell脚本：Expect实现SSH免交互执行命令

Expect是一个自动交互式应用程序的工具，如telnet，ftp，passwd等。

需先安装expect软件包。

方法1：EOF标准输出作为expect标准输入

#!/bin/bash
USER=root
PASS=123.com
IP=192.168.1.120
expect << EOF
set timeout 30
spawn ssh $USER@$IP   
expect {
    "(yes/no)" {send "yes\r"; exp_continue}
    "password:" {send "$PASS\r"}
}
expect "$USER@*"  {send "$1\r"}
expect "$USER@*"  {send "exit\r"}
expect eof
EOF
方法2：

#!/bin/bash
USER=root
PASS=123.com
IP=192.168.1.120
expect -c "
    spawn ssh $USER@$IP
    expect {
        \"(yes/no)\" {send \"yes\r\"; exp_continue}
        \"password:\" {send \"$PASS\r\"; exp_continue}
        \"$USER@*\" {send \"df -h\r exit\r\"; exp_continue}
    }"
方法3：将expect脚本独立出来

登录脚本：

# cat login.exp
#!/usr/bin/expect
set ip [lindex $argv 0]
set user [lindex $argv 1]
set passwd [lindex $argv 2]
set cmd [lindex $argv 3]
if { $argc != 4 } {
puts "Usage: expect login.exp ip user passwd"
exit 1
}
set timeout 30
spawn ssh $user@$ip
expect {
    "(yes/no)" {send "yes\r"; exp_continue}
    "password:" {send "$passwd\r"}
}
expect "$user@*"  {send "$cmd\r"}
expect "$user@*"  {send "exit\r"}
expect eof
执行命令脚本：写个循环可以批量操作多台服务器

#!/bin/bash
HOST_INFO=user_info.txt
for ip in $(awk '{print $1}' $HOST_INFO)
do
    user=$(awk -v I="$ip" 'I==$1{print $2}' $HOST_INFO)
    pass=$(awk -v I="$ip" 'I==$1{print $3}' $HOST_INFO)
    expect login.exp $ip $user $pass $1
done
Linux主机SSH连接信息：

# cat user_info.txt
192.168.1.120 root 123456